The Furniture Industry and finance - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 16 Words: 4807 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? From the last many years globalization has caused a vast impact on many industries. UK furniture industry also changed a lot with such a globalization trend. The addition of the technology and the changes in interior designing boosted the furniture business to a greater degree. Moreover, the globalization increased the choice for a consumer and the market started to be more competitive as earlier. (Drayse 2008) Jools Furniture Industries Ltd The overall growth rate and the position in market seem to be of a reputable level. The companys overall performance regarding business growth gives a positive impression. But on the other hand the vision of the chair person appears to be much conservative. The chair person is much interested in profitability rather then expansion and the quality and the scenario show that his emphasis on ROI is much more than any other thing. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Furniture Industry and finance" essay for you Create order The group structure The company owns different divisions. According to the case study, the head office holds the control of the business. The centralized policy of the business has some favorable and some inauspicious effects on business activates. Some of these are pointed out as follow. Advantages As all the major decisions take place from head office so in such a way polices and strategies can be followed more strongly. Supplies can be purchased in bulk to cut down the overall cost. Work will be carried in best interest of the business rather then a department. Much effective control can be implemented. No need to employ professionals for every department in every division. Disadvantages Contrary to above advantages there are also many disadvantages. Employees motivational level suffers a lot. Specialties regarding different fields and division are over looked. Communication differences cause a great hurdle in the business development and will lead to sub-optimization. There will also be a lack of understanding the needs of different departments/divisions. (Ebig 2004) The Financial Fact Its true that the financial statements are fully loaded with lot of numbers. It is quite difficult to get the performance review in a glance over different statements. Different ratios are the major tools to get more information about the business efficiency and to evaluate different scenarios. (Tracy 2008) Many different ratios can be used to assess overall business performance. Some of them are as follow; I have split Profit or Loss Statement and Statement of Financial Position (Balance Sheet) into two parts for better understanding and making relation between different ratios. The Revenue Growth It has been seen that a business needs some time to get consistency and gain market share. The performance of the overall business can be judged by its sales growth. As time passes organization tries to make much good relations with its customers, which causes sales growth. (Coker 2000)Â   The department wise %age of overall sales growth as compare to previous years is as follow. Division/Year 2008 2009 Quality Product Increase of 12.62% Increase of 9.78 Kitchen Increase of 10.45% Decrease of 3.98 Bedrooms Decrease of 7.5% Decrease of 6.16% Office Increase of 11.71% Increase of 12.44% The quality product divisions consistency seems down in 2009 as compared to year 2008. There may be a number of reasons behind such consistency decline. Export is also a major part of total sales revenue which remained low in 2009 as was in 2008. That may be the major reason in departmental sales decline. The Kitchens division sale is showing some adverse affects in 2009. As per case study the division is maintained under an old mill which may not be able to fulfill the markets requirements. The investment proposal by managing director of kitchen department may contribute up to some extent to generate some great business. Technology always adds some value to overall business performance. The constant decline in the sales turnover may be because of lacking of technological expertise. Turnover from office division is rising consistently. There may be number of reasons behind it. The managing director seems to be a sharp shooter of sales. Even not having any share in export, the departments overall performance regarding sales turnover is remarkable. COGS/Revenue Ratio and Other Expense Cost of goods sale is the direct cost incurred by a business to make sales. Higher the cost of the material, the larger will be the sales turnover required to meet the business activities. The cost also changes with the adopted method to mange the inventory system. (Clyde, Stickney, Roman, Schipper 2009) The ratios between COGS and Revenue are as follow. Division/Year 2007 2008 2009 Quality Product 61.09% 59.55% 58.63% Kitchen 60.78% 63.80% 62.39% Bedrooms 73.63% 68.56% 70.22% Office 61.10% 66.36% 63.03% Except quality product division, there is no other division with uniform behaviors towards direct cost and sales ratio. If we compare the COGS and revenue ratios we come to know that the bedroom division, even with a consistency in its direct cost, makes unfavorable sales in last two years. All the other direct cost lies between 58 to 63 percent of their revenue. But the bedroom division is consuming more than the other divisions. Other expenses are the major cause behind decline in divisions profitability. It consists of many different expenses of administrative and operational nature that affects the profitability of the organization. (Eisen 2007) It has been observed that in the office department, the expenses are more than 24% in 2009 as compare to previous year. On the other hand, the increase in sales re venue is about 12%. This shows twice the expense incurred as compared to the revenue. The amount of depreciation seems to be lower. Hence the expenses that incurred may be of administrative or marketing nature. Vice versa, the expenses in bedroom division fall by 11% approximately, but the sales revenue also suffered greatly. The non cash item like depreciation seems to be of constant value. In kitchen division, an almost constant expense with an even much less staff is quiet stunning. On the other hand the sales also decrease by approximately 4%, which may indicate cost cutting in the marketing side. No new fixed asset added up, hence depreciation is quiet lower then of previous year. Revenue/Employee Ratio The ratio will be a tool to determine the link between sales revenue and the staff acquired to incur that much revenue. It is the simplest tool to evaluate the performance of a department using men power. (OCED 2001) Each employee of Quality and Office division is earning more than 50k for the business. Whereas the kitchen department is going too good as the revenue earned is of about 89k per employee. The worst situation came to knowledge about bedroom department, the department has not only incurred a straight decline in sales revenue but its overall R/E ratio is also in its worst position. The division is earning 24k /employee. According to the audit management letter, it has been noticed that the department is also involved in releasing salaries of those who have been retired. The control objectives should be fulfilled to overcome such issues. It shows the carelessness of accounts department and the payroll (HR) department as well. Interest/Profit Ratio For the firms it is most important to cover the interest within its profits. If the company fails to pay the interest, it may endanger its further survival. Short term liabilities and paying off interest should be the top most priority of an organization. The interest/ profit seem to be of an acceptable level for all the divisions of Jools Furniture Ltd. The second major point to remember is that most of the time the divisions are financed internally. The level of interest is not of much considerable value in Jools Ltd, but the organization must utilize the financing facility to maximize its profitability. It has been notified that highly geared organizations earn more as compare to low gearing organizations; however, the risk involved to that organization is insolvency. ROCE Return on Capital employed is one of the most concerning ratio for a company from the shareholders point of view. This ratio indicates the performance of a company with regard to converting the shareholders investment into profits for them. The ratio is calculated by diving the earning before interest and tax by the total equity of the company. This ratio is one of the most important indicator of profitability and the efficiency of a company to generate profits. (Sinha 2009). Jools Ltds ROCE ratio has increased from 14% during the year 2008 to 15% in 2009. This increase in the ratio is mainly due to the increase in the return generated by the company which is greater in extent when compared with the increasing equity in the business. This is good sign but yet the return is only 15% which ca be improved by a better management of non performing sections of the company. The Liquidity Ratios These ratios can find the current position of any organization. The overall current holding which can be converted into cash at any time can be measure through these ratios. (Brigham2007) The two Current and Quick Acid Test ratios of the company are as follows. The over all current ratio of company seems to be very good. The ratio is about 1.5 which is satisfactory. The company should utilize the gearing facility to invest more to earn higher returns. The quick ratio for the organization is about 67%. The bedroom division and the kitchen division stocks too much inventory in WIP which should be well controlled. It can only be controlled by an efficient labor force when WIP is kept at its lowest level. Conclusion The ratios discussed above show an impact of weak financial management. The finance director must be much vigilant about investing the cash. The major point which has come to mind is the usage of gearing. Finance director should utilize the option of short term or even long term liabilities to get some better returns. The level of long term liability has remained at an almost constant level which indicates that the company has got a potential to generate funds through long term financing and solve some of the operational problems. Therefore the over all financial performance of the company is not quite satisfactory. There are also some incidents of fraud reported which further make the situation worse for the company. The divisional control over different aspects seems to be of low quality. The control regarding inventory should be improved. The receivable balances in bedroom department are depicting abnormality and should be considered. The current facility from vendors side sh ould also be revised. The bed room divisions list of balances regarding trade receivables and payable must be reconciled with list of their balances. The eventually increasing figures of expenses are also of great concerns and should be among top considerations. The managing director of bedroom division is also near his retirement age. He also considers that he is unable to implement control objectives. The presence of such a person in the senior position of the company is a question mark which needs to be answered immediately. The situation, circumstances and the financial figures are truly substantial and strong measures should be taken to avoid any possibility of future failure. Jools needs to address the management issues in the company to allow its future survival and sustainability. Task2 Role of an Accountant Now-a-days accountants are not only the persons to make good calculations. The era has converted many professionals towards much professionalism. With the passage of time the role and the responsibilities of the accountants also changed very much. Accountants are now further divided into different branches. A professional accountant is one engaged in different activities related to different areas of a business. The major concerns of an accountant are regarding the inflows and out flows of the company. An account attracts a trust from the business holders. They are responsible for any fraud or similar anomalies within a business. (Brooks, Dunn 2009) Management accounting is also one of vast field and important part of accounting. The accountants contribute well towards the accomplishment of the business plans and targets. Different types of tasks are performed by accountants like reporting and budgeting and making different forecasts. If a company owes a vigilant accountant who und erstands all his responsibilities and duties, that companys overall risk dwindles. The rapid changes in business need the accountant to be more efficient. Accountants are key players behind business development. Accountants serve a business in many different ways like, auditing, cost controlling, management and many other specialized areas. This shows the need and the responsibility level of an accountant towards the organization. (Lehman 1995) The Role of Finance Director The department of the finance is the major part of a company which contributes towards the short term as well as long term success of the business. There are many key functions which should be performed by finance department. Some of the foremost function and key responsibilities are discussed below to highlight the role of the finance director towards business. Finance department is not only concerned to finance related matters, but the team is also involved in many other administrative and business activities like fulfillment of tax returns, making financials and reporting time to time to asses the overall performance and efficiency of the business. All these activities can be performed efficient only because of an observant finance director. Control and Governance is the major risk towards the survival of any organizations. Directors are appointed to keep the control and to run the organization according to the companys polices. Finance director is a key player in maintain ing the control and finding any fraudulent activity in the business. Control or governance is not only tracing frauds but it also demands directors to implement the strong control procedures, which should be followed by the others. Cost Controlling is one of the major activities that must be managed well by finance director. A loss making organization can survive in a society, whereas the organization that runs short of money cant. Finance director is responsible to take reasonable measures to overcome wealth problems towards the organization. Internal Control must be well governed by the finance department. The finance director and his team are responsible for each and every flaw in control environment. Finance director is one who is the financial policy maker and makes the control environment strong. Reporting to external stakeholders is one of the major responsibilities of finance department. The finance manger of the organization should be well aware of all the changes and up gradations in the accounting terminology. The accounts should be maintained following GAAP. All the reports must ne following the applicable or international accounting systems. The above mentioned are the most important areas to be controlled by a finance director. The above mentioned responsibilities show that the finance division is the most complex but task oriented department in the organization. If the manger or the director directs his team well, the department will definitely contribute positively towards achieving business objectives. On the other hand if the finance department loses the control over things, then the survival of the business may become a question mark. The Fiduciary Duty of Directorship It is a fiduciary duty of director to represent the whole organization. He must take all the decisions in best interest of the organization. The director is not supposed to have any personal interests in any of the companys decision making. Good directors know their limits and powers very well. If a director thinks himself to be not suitable for company he must immediately backup instead of going further. Director is responsible to direct a company and if the director is unable to do so, the company ends up to failure. The Corporate Code of Governance require the presence of non-executive directors in the board of directors but, Jools is currently not having NED in its board. The company should be aware of the consequences of this matter. Finance Director of Jools Furniture Industries Ltd David Green, the finance director of Jools is qualified chartered accountant. He is a full member of the board of directors of the company. The information states that there is no divisional finance director and therefore David Green is assumed to have all the responsibilities regarding the financial matters of the company. David is practicing an autonomous role in the financial management of Jill, and therefore there is a communication gap between him and the lower level of staff as there is no intermediary in between. It can be noted that the company has a large amount as current assets. This means that the inventory level is high as well as other liquid items such as cash and cash equivalents are not utilized properly. The company has been facing issues to generate revenue in the bedroom department. Since a finance director is in a role to control all such matters, the performance of David is not appearing satisfactory here. A constant increase is seen in the expenses of t he company over the years and the trend is almost same in almost all the departments of the company. The increasing expense figure is indicating a poor management by the finance director. As one of the major responsibilities of a finance director is to ensure the profitability of the company, this role is not being fulfilled by David as the expenses do not seem to be under his control. It should be noted that David has to deal with all the divisions of the company alone as he is the only finance director of the company with no directors at the divisional level, therefore a huge burden of work can be a major reason for not performing well in managing the financial matters of the company. Although the revenue is in a constant increase when a comparison of the three years is made, yet the expenses are increasing with a larger pace and overcoming the increasing revenue. Therefore looking at the overall scenario, it can be said that the financial matters are not being managed prope rly and there is a huge risk that such a scenario can lead to future problems for the company. Jools should consider the likely impact of the outcomes if the situation is not addressed properly. The board including the Finance director should assess that how the financial performance of the company can be proved. Before continuing further, the first step that the board of director should do is to follow the requirements of Code of Ethics and Conduct and appoint the required level of Non Executive Directors at the board to ensure that the laws are complied. Although this may become a further burden over the companys expenditure, yet the role played by NEDs can contribute very positively in the best interest of Jools. The presence of Non Executive Directors will ensure a just and reasonable strategy towards the management of problems in existence in the company and also reduce the possibilities of fraud and miss management. The audit management report has also highlighted some p roblems with the financial matters of the company. It has been noted that the inventory has been reported stolen, which indicates that the controls are not strong in the inventory management department and a part of its responsibility falls on the shoulders of the finance director who is responsible to ensure the proper working of all the finance related departments. The audit report also shows that the payroll department is also not functioning properly. The incidents of fraud are also reported in that department too. This is a very serious issue which has to be answered by the finance director who has the direct responsibility over that departments functioning. The sales ledger also have shown a five moths outdated balance which is another indication of fraud going on in the company and the finance director is unaware of the issues. As the information states that David is not accustomed to the business environment of Jessi and thereof it should be noted that his non satisfac tory performance can be due to the same reason. Although David is a qualified person but as per the information provided, he is not suitable for the furniture industry environment and therefore his presence in the board as well as in the company should be evaluated. However, it should also be noted that besides the problems, the finance directors has shown some satisfactory performances as well. He has maintained the liquidity position at a good rate and ensured that the liquidity performance of the company is not compromised. The return on capital for the company has increased from a level of 14% to 15 % from year 2008 to 2009. Although the total increase is very small yet there is an increase. The company has been able to generate a 9% extra earning before interst during the year 2009 as compared to the last year. Furthermore, David has allowed Jools to expand its operations by effectively managing the companys financial needs. Therefore if there are several problems with th e performance of the finance director, there is positive performance as well. Thus the professional expertise of the finance director cannot be questioned and the only problem is the one that the scenario itself identifies that David does not have flair to the Jools business. However, this reason is not enough to justify the malfunctions and frauds being detected in the departments under his direct control. It should be noted that a Finance director is not only responsible for the management profitability and revenue, but also responsible for the decision making related to the sources of finances and their suitability to the company. Moreover, a finance director is also responsible for the management of the control processes in the financial department of the company to ensure that the financial management related processes are operating effectively and according to the required standards. Recommendations There are several fraud detections and other serious issues present in the accounting and finance departments performance. These issues can only be solved by introducing finance directors at the divisional levels of the company and allowing them a full autonomy to oversee the departments take actions to control the issue present. The other solution is to review the presence of David as the finance director as the company can definitely find better candidates for the position who are not only equally qualified and experienced but also have flair to Jools business environment. The other most important step that Jools has to take to ensure the prevention of fraud and other anomalies in the company is to appoint Non Executive Directors in the company and abide the applied laws over it. The presence of NEDs will not only add professional expertise in the company but will also add an independent body to ensure that the shareholders interests are secured and given the prime importance in the company. Finance Director cannot be assumed to owe all the responsibility towards the presence of fraud in the company but the other directors including the managing director have an equal responsibility for it as well. Task 3 Prospects of Investment Proposal The data submitted for the investment proposal to the board shows a positive prospect about its future outcome. The project is expected to earn an NPV of pound;500,000 over 6 years duration. This project is to support the growth strategy of the company and to uphold its future sustainability in the market. Although there is a positive NPV of pound;500,000, yet it should be kept in mind that the project is having a probability of only 25% to get break even. Loan as a Source of Finance The decision to implement the above investment proposal is highly dependant upon the availability of finance. Finance is one of the major limiting factors for any organization. The directors of the company have requested the board to raise a pound; 1.8 m loan to finance the proposed project. However, the board needs to look upon the implications of securing a loan before accepting the request and also carefully evaluate the use of other sources of finance which the company can use to raise finance. (Hall 2010-A) Advantages of Loan as a Source of Finance The major advantage that a loan has is the quick availability of it. Any company can raise a loan through any lending organization as far as it can place a security against the amount. This quick availability of loan makes it the most widely used source of finance. The other advantage that a loan has as a source of finance is the flexibility in the repayment options. The company can negotiate a loan based on its suitability and dependant upon its stream of income. A loan can be generated easily as there are a lot of lending companies offering to give a loan to companies. Another advantage of using loan as a source of funding is the amount which a loan can offer. It has been seen that the lending organizations can lend as much as a company requires, however only if an equally valued security is deposited against it. (Hall 2010-B) Disdvantages of Loan as a Source of Finance Besides the above advantages, loan has a lot of disadvantages associated with it as well. The biggest disadvantage is the interest payment that often becomes a headache for the companies to pay. An interest is actually the payment for using the facility of loan and if its unpaid, it attracts further interest on the amount unpaid, therefore, making loan a costly source of finance. The other great disadvantage associated with a loan is the security which has to be placed against it. Arranging a security often becomes an issue for small to medium sized companies, who usually need loans more to fund their operations as compared to a large entity. Placing a security is also difficult because the lending institution often demand a liquid item to be secured over the loan. The other negative impact of a loan can be seen of the financial analysis of it. A company surviving majorly over loan financing, depicts a high gearing ratio and this high gearing ratio discourages potential shareholder s to invest in the companys shares. Moreover, loans can also decrease the profitability of the company, thus leaving a smaller amount for the companies to pay their shareholders. (Hall 2010-C) Other Alternative Sources of Finance There are a lot of other alternatives to raise finance other than using a loan. Two of them are listed below; Fund Raising through Stock Market One of the major sources of finance for companies is the stock market, where they can trade their shares as a commodity and raise funds for their needs. Companies can issue shares to attract buyers and raise finance by selling those shares to them. The cost of issuing shares is usually the administrative expenses associated with the share issuance and payable to the brokers, however a company needs to be registered on a stack market in order to get involved in stock market trading. Moreover, the issuance of shares depends highly upon the current position of the company with respect to its financial performance and also the present estimates and forecasts of its future performance. Share holders are interested to invest their money in a company which can offer them a steady income as well as a security of their investment. The only security that a shareholder can get is the great future prospects of a company as no physical security is required in this case. (Hall 2010-D) Therefo re, Jools Furniture Industries Ltd can use this source of finance for raising the money required by the kitchen department for creating the new operations. Sale and Leaseback of Assets to generate finance A very important source of finance for companies is its own assets. Instead of securing an asset with a bank or any other lending company, and getting itself involved with paying high amounts of interests, while bounded to follow the restrictions to use the secured asset applied by the lending company, a company can enter a sale and lease back agreement and generate the funds. A sale and Lease back arrangement is where a company sells an asset to someone with an agreement that the asset will be used by the company, but a rent will be paid for that usage. The company retains the unrestricted use of the asset as well as gets an immediate finance for its needs. The only disadvantage associated with this source of finance is the amount of rent payable to the purchase. Furthermore, the asset gets off the companys balance sheet as it no more remains to be an asset of it. (Hall 2010-E) Recommendation Although Jools Furniture Industries Ltd is seeking a loan as a source of finance, but the above analysis shows that there are better alternatives available for it. If the company is registered with a stock exchange, it can issue shares and get the funds needed. However, if a company owns an asset, either spare or not in much use, it can be used to generate fund through a sale and leaseback agreement. The board has to decide over the matter keeping in view the desired outcomes.

Essay on Teamwork Dealing with Personalities - 740 Words

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Disease Control And Prevention Starting Reporting Lyme...

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Ronald Reagan´s Legacy Influential or Not Essay examples

Ronald Reagan was born on February 6, 1911 in Tampico Illinois. Reagan is the son of salesman Jack Reagan and Nelle Reagan. He had one brother named Neil who eventually became an advertising executive. Growing up, Reagan’s father gave him the nickname â€Å"Dutch Boy† because of his fat little Dutchman appearance. Reagan attended Eureka College in Eureka Illinois where he was a member of the football team, captain of the swim team and was elected student body president. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Economics and Sociology. After graduation Reagan moved to Iowa and earned a job as a radio broadcaster. In 1937 he left Iowa and moved to Los Angeles where he pursued an acting career. 3 years later he married his first wife Jane†¦show more content†¦On January 20, 1981, he took office as the 40th President of the United States of America. He chose his running mate, who was a former Texas Congressman and United Nations Ambassador, George Bush as hi s Vice President. 69 days later there was an attempted assassination but Reagan did not let that stop them. He was determined to heal and get back into office as quickly as possible. His determination won over many of the citizens. While Reagan was President, the economy made a change for the better. In February of 1981, he made his first proposal to the Congress to lower the taxes and rise the spending on defensive needs. The federal income tax rates were lowered significantly with the signing of the bipartisan Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981. The percentage of unemployment compared to when Carter was President decreased from 7.5% to 5.4%. On January 20, 1985, Reagan and Bush were elected back into office by the US citizens. In 1982, Reagan declared a War on Drugs. His focus was to fight for drug-free schools and workplaces, expanded drug treatment, stronger law enforcement and drug interdiction efforts, and greater public awareness. In 1986, Reagan signed a drug enforcement bill that budgeted $1.7 billion to fund the War on Drugs. The bill was strongly criticized. During his entire Presidency, Reagan had to deal with the Cold War. The Reagan Doctrine was created and Reagan went to work trying to begin the collapse of the communist government in Africa, Asia, andShow MoreRelatedRonald Reagan Is The Most Influential Man Of The United States1370 Words   |  6 Pagessince the Great Depression - inflation is at 13.5 percent, unemployment is at 9.5 percent and the federal discount rate is at 14 percent. But after 8 years, Ronald Reagan will turn the country inside out, and make the world a better place to live in. Considered the best president of his century, Ronald Reagan is the most influential man of the 1980’s because he abolished communism by ending the Cold War, developed an extremely effective and successful form of economics, called Reaganomics, and broughtRead MoreThe Great Communicator : Ronald Reagan1300 Words   |  6 Pagessince the Great Depression - inflation is at 13.5 percent, unemployment is at 9.5 percent and the federal discount rate is at 14 percent. But after 8 years, Ronald Reagan will turn the country inside out, and make the world a better place to live in. Considered the best president of his century, Ronald Reagan is the most influential man of the 1980’s because he abolished communism by ending the Cold War, developed an extremely effective and successful form of economics, called Reaganomics, and broughtRead MorePresident Ronald Reagan s Speech At The 1980 Republican National Convention862 Words   |  4 PagesOutline Anthony Cersosimo Title: Change for the Better Purpose: To inform my audience of Ronald Reagan and his speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention and how it was influential for the US at the time as well as its personal significance for me. Central Idea: Ronald Reagan’s speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention in Detroit was one that gave a sense of unification, hope, and national pride among Americans at theRead MoreReag A Successful Presidency1557 Words   |  7 PagesSince Reagan experienced such a successful presidency, due to his conservative policies accomplishing their goals, many liberal-minded people switched their views. After the conservative success of the early and mid-eighties, the amount of people who views themselves as liberals decreased. In a 1996 poll, â€Å"only 10 percent of Democratic voters identified themselves as ‘liberals’—that is, people who want economic redistribution† (Hannaford). This fact itself showed that people who once believedRead MoreTaking a Look at Ronald Reagan1125 Words   |  5 PagesRonald Reagan Ronald Regan, even after 20 years absent of state office, still manages to captivate American patriotism. As an upheld memorabilia of the United States, Reagan was well renounced as one of the nations most revered public figures. Ronald Reagan was born and raised in the small town of Tampico, Illinois, on February 6, 1911. Given Ronald’s childhood; Reagans Father had been employed as a shoe salesman at the time of Reagans birth, and his family (which included his mother, brotherRead MoreThe Life And Career Of Ronald Reagan1686 Words   |  7 Pages The Life and Career of Ronald Reagan Colorado State University – Global Campus HST 300 Jared Faurschou Introduction Ronald Wilson Reagan, elected as the 40th President of the United States of America in 1980. Became one of the most beloved and revered President in modern times. He’s most known for bringing the end to the Cold War and helping bring an end to major communist activities in the world. There were several of Reagan’s policies that had an impact on ending the Cold War. InRead MoreGeorge Orwell s The Farmer 1844 Words   |  8 Pagesthree-legged chickens.† â€Å"Well, how do they taste?† Now when he asked this, the farmer looked chest fallen and said longingly. â€Å"I don’t know. I haven’t caught one yet.†Ã¢â‚¬  This was only one of the hilarious stories and jokes that Ronald Reagan told during his presidency alone. Ronald Reagan was the 40th president of the United States, who served from 1981 to 1989, and was one of the most widely known presidents. But his fame and popularity did not just come from his jokes, but his early life, his presidencyRead More The Controversy of Stem Cell Research Essays1410 Words   |  6 Pagescertain medical conditions. Because stem cells are so adaptable ?physicians can produce cells and tissues, tailored to a patient?s genetic identity, that can treat a wide variety of human illnesses.? (Travis). There is a large amount of diseases that can possibly be assuaged by stem cells; ?devastating diseases like Parkinson?s diabetes, heart failure, and Alzheimer?s.?(Healy). Not to mention that the ?advance toward creating ever more complex tissues might yield a lifesaving patch for a moderatelyRead MoreRonald Reag Foreign Policy2977 Words   |  12 PagesSmith APUSH Research Paper on the Presidents in the 80’s and 90’s Ronald Reagan: Foreign Policy President Reagan’s foreign policy took a sharp turn from his predecessors’ tactics of easing tensions and instead chose to escalate the cold war conflict, arguing the moral superiority of the U.S.’s governmental system and framing the Cold War as a fight between the good and free capitalist United States versus the evil communist regime. (â€Å"Reagan Doctrine at U.S. Department of State) This direct confrontalRead MoreThe Limits Of Power : Bacevich Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pagesantipathy for cases of exceptionalism; wariness of simple arrangements, particularly those including power; and a conviction that the books should adjust. Just an arrival to such standards, Bacevich contends, can give shared belief to settling America s earnest issues before the harm gets to be distinctly hopeless. The Limits of Power distinguishes a significant triple emergency confronting the U.S. the financial system, in exceptional, confuse, will never again be settled by dependin g on extension

Cardiovascular Disease Essay example - 1806 Words

Cardiovascular Disease in the African American Community Causes, Preventions, and Treatments Cardiovascular disease (CVD) refers to the dysfunctional conditions of the heart, arteries, and veins that supply oxygen to vital life- sustaining areas of the body like the brain, the heart itself and other vital organs. Since the term cardiovascular disease refers to any dysfunction of the cardiovascular system there are many different diseases in the cardiovascular category, and many of these diseases are strongly intertwined. Ischemic Heart Disease is the medical idiom for the obstruction of blood flow to the heart. It is usually due largely in part to excess fat or plaque deposits that narrow the veins that provide oxygenated blood to†¦show more content†¦The body is often able to mask the subtle damage due to the extra work the cardiovascular system is undergoing, but not forever, and for that reason hypertension is often referred to as the silent killer. In fact, approximately 27% of African Americans with hypertension are unaware of their condition. Unfortunately, m any times the first warning signs of hypertension are angina attack, stroke, or even myocardial infarction, all severe cardiovascular diseases. Dyslipidemia is defined as a total cholesterol level greater than 200 mg/dl., LDL cholesterol above 130 mg/d, HDL cholesterol bellows 35 mg/dl; and a lipoprotein level greater than 30 mg/dl. An elevated cholesterol level rigorously lends itself towards conditions such as atherosclerosis, which can in turn lead to more serious CVDs. However, cholesterol is not actually a damage mechanism but rather a risk factor for increased risk of heart disease. In many aspects of health and disease, biological and genetic variables are considered to be the most important in reaching a medical solution to a problem. Nevertheless, evidence suggests that social disparities between African Americans and the rest of the American population may have a greater influence over disease prevalence then genetic differences. It is common knowledge, that as a race Afri can Americans are far more likely to live andShow MoreRelatedCardiovascular Disease Essay1716 Words   |  7 PagesIn todays world, there is a rise in the US population adopting unhealthy lifestyles that lead to cardiovascular disease (CVD).1, 2 Stroke and coronary heart disease are the two leading health conditions and leading cause of death in established countries. However, these two types of cardiovascular disease have identifiable risk factors that can be modified to reduce the risk of developing CVD.3 Additionally, due to an increase in the prevalence of obesity, primary prevention for CVD is catchingRead MoreThe Occurrence Of Cardiovascular Disease Essay2112 Words   |  9 PagesOccurrence of Cardiovascular Disease Vital signs are an important measurement for a general assessment of a patient’s overall cardiovascular risk. The use of vitals signs should be regularly incorporated in the practice of physical therapy like other settings of the health care as a pre-screening measure. Vital sign assessment provides invaluable information to determine if the patient’s health is appropriate for physical activity or if the patient needs to be further assessed for cardiovascular healthRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Cardiovascular Disease1247 Words   |  5 PagesStates suffer from some form of cardiovascular disease and almost eight million people die each and every year from it(Meyers). This realization is incredibly disheartening. Cardiovascular disease includes conditions that involve narrowed or blocked blood vessels that can lead to a heart attack, chest pain or stroke. Other heart conditions, such as those that affect your heart s muscle, valves or rhythm are also considered fo rms of heart disease. The threat of heart disease in America is rising day byRead MoreEssay on Nutrition Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease1536 Words   |  7 PagesNutrition Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease It is imperative as a nurse to develop an understanding that caring for a patient goes beyond the physical care given and it includes a holistic aspect: caring for the body, mind and soul. This holistic approach can be applied when assessing patients’ nutritional status and helping them implement healthy life choices, while living with a disease and possibly the comorbidities caused by the disease. Specifically, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the comorbiditiesRead MoreCardiovascular Disease Is The Number One Killer1696 Words   |  7 PagesCardiovascular disease is the number one killer in the United States, causing about 610,000 deaths yearly (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). Cardiovascular disease is defined as a group of disorders damaging the heart and blood vessels, usually involving the blockage of vessels, which in turn harm the heart (WHO, 2015). A 2011 American Heart Association statement predicted that without intervention, 40% of United States adults will have at least one form of Cardiovascular diseaseRead MoreUnderlying Risks for Cardiovascular Disease Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesSince 1960 the age-adjusted mortality rates for cardiovascular disease (CVD) has declined steadily in the U.S. due to multiple factors, but still remains one of the primary causes of morbidity and premature mortality worldwide. Greater control of risk factors and improved treatments for cardiovascular disease has significantly contributed to this decline (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). In the U.S. alone it claims approximately 830,000 each year and accounts for 1/6 of all deathsRead MoreCardiovascular Disease : A Disease That Affects The Heart And Blood Vessels1910 Words   |  8 PagesCardiovascular disease is a disease that affects the heart and blood vessels which may cause various problems relating to the blood flow to the heart. Many complications arise from cardiovascular disease, which may lead up to other li fe threatening illnesses such as heart attack or stroke. According to the American Heart Association a heart attack occurs when the blood flow of blood to part of the heart is blocked by a blood clot; if the clot cuts the flow of blood part of the heart muscle beginsRead MoreCohort Follow-u`Studies: Cardiovascular Disease1291 Words   |  5 PagesCohort Follow-up Studies – Cardiovascular Disease: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death and mortality across the globe, especially because of its increase in low and middle income countries. The disease is commonly referred to as heart disease since it’s a group of diseases that involve the heart, blood vessels or both. Generally, the disease involves abnormal functioning of the heart of blood vessels, which increases the risk of heart failure, heart attack, cardiac rhythm issuesRead MoreCardiovascular Disease : The Congestive Heart Failure, Stroke, And Coronary Heart Disease Essay1752 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Cardiovascular disease comprises the congestive heart failure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. These conditions have continued to be the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States of America today. The occurrence of cardiovascular diseases is influenced by various factors such as physical, political, environmental, and social factors (Kochanek, 2011). These factors entail access to quality and affordable health care services, affordability to healthy diets, conditionsRead MoreCardiovascular Disease And Lifestyle :852 Words   |  4 PagesCardiovascular Disease and Lifestyle Part One: There are multiple factors that lead to the development cardiovascular disease. While some individuals are born with conditions that predispose them to strokes or heart disease, a majority of people participate in a combination of risk factors that lead to the development of cardiovascular disease. A few of those risk factors include a lack of physical activity, smoking, and poor diet. The more frequently individuals expose themselves to these risk

Measurement in Australian Public Companies

Question: Discuss about the Measurement in Australian Public Companies. Answer: Introduction This report aims to ascertain the importance and role of performance measurement in management control system. It focuses on how support control is meted out to the management systems through measurement of the performance. The performance of the organizational resources is evaluated to pursue organizational strategies. Thereby striving towards achievingstrategic objectives, competitive advantage(Mauboussin and Rappaport, 2015). Australias olive industry has solidly grown to be technically sophisticated from cottage industry with being more export oriented. With the passage of time, the Australian olive oil quality has shown a consistent improvement alongwith production efficiencies focusing on high quality and reasonable product, accessible worldwide. Australian Olive Oil Projects limited in one such company which is associated with growing and manufacture of olive oils variety from olive harvesting. The report will analyze the performance of the company towards the achievement of c orporate vision and goals(Fischer, Prinz, and Lotz, 2010). Role of Cost and Management Accounting in Australian agricultural projects limited Management Accounting helps the managers to utilize the provisions of financial information to familiarize themselves, prior deciding about the issues prevailing within the organization, which alleviates the management and control functions performance(Nixon and Burns, 2012). While cost accounting is apart of management accounting. It is a method of collection, record, classify and evaluate a preferable approach appertaining to cost efficiency as well as capability. It imparts exclusively cost information which the management requires for controlling the current operations and future planning(Moorthy and Yacob, 2013).The olive oil industry is prospering with advancing time as it is meeting up with its vision to achieve a feasible and cooperative olive oil which produces products of high quality for home and foreign markets(Alonso and Northcote, 2010). This business of Orchard was founded with an objective of development and management of quality projects of olive when significant amplification was experienced in Australian plantings. The company is listed on the Stock Exchange of Australia to cater the financial capacity to accomplish opportunities presented in dawning olive industry.The company aims to: Manufacture oil possessing traditional flavors, which are known and admissible in the market. Cultivation of trees with a potential of greater productivity capacity over traditional varieties. Every company has a stated vision, mission by which corporate goals are established. This is further classified into incorporating strategies to achieve the corporate goals. To accomplish greater organizational success, an efficient performance management system is to be established. Ways to Effective Management Following approaches shouldbe undertaken to an Effective management(Sidorov, 2014). Corporate strategy and individual goals should be aligned and well defined and conveyed throughout the company. Advancement of the goals is to be monitored, Performance of the individuals is to be evaluated with feedback Provide compensation by performance. If performance outstrips or meets the aspired standard, then they are gifted with reward. On the other hand, if the performance is adverse to the desired standard, then a development plan is evolved to fill the gap. It is crucial for the managers to be apprehensive about the progress of their employees about corporate goals. Steady assistance is to be meted out to its employees to strive for the targets when they are supposed to be missed (Adams, Lin, and Zou, 2011). Adequate monetary and nonmonetary rewards need to be availed to acknowledge success. Its crucial on the part of managers to review the productivity of its employees from time to time to track down the advancement in goal accomplishment. The olive oil company also undertakes various strategies to meet up with its objectives. It aims to improve its productivity alongwith profitability and management of environment throughout the stages of the supply chain(Kumar and Zattoni, 2015). Findings of the financial and non-financial performance of the company The chief executive officer of AAPL Paul Challis in his review on 30th September 2015 highlighted that 9,51,700 liter harvestation exceeded the expectation and is maintaining an upward trend in manufacture (Voopl.com.au, 2011). The company has bagged largest operating profit in the companies history with a record harvest thereby confirming companys decision to streamline its operations. Mr. Paul has stated their focus in the short term that includes balance sheet consolidation as the cash benefits arising from harvest sale are to be incorporated in the account. The company is proposing to a stretch of substantial harvest at one time while the world price is retracing to historically immense level as a result of diminishing levels of production in Europe. The company is intending to flow through the retail price over the years to come. AAPL has experienced an excess of operating cash flows for the year 2015 measuring $202, which is 189 less to 2014 operating cash flow exceeding $ 598 (Voopl.com.au, 2011). However structured debt informs of Commercial bills and hires purchase contract were streamlined by $ 3,76,708 against $2,10,099 in 2014. In past twelve months, the company has upgraded its business net financial position leading to increasing upto 3.32cents per share from .37 cents per share (Voopl.com.au, 2011). Source: (markets.ft.com) The chart above reflects a considerable upward trend in the performance of the company since 2014. Source: (www.voopl.com.au) The above summary chart reflects the financial performance of the company with an increase in net profit after tax in the year 2015 to be highly more than the previous years. An Executive compensation comprises of financial as well as nonfinancial rewards which are received by the executive regarding their service. This is typically a combination of salary, bonus, call options or shares of the company. This all takes into consideration the government regulations, executive and organization desires, tax law and rewards by performance(Heaney, Tawani, and Goodwin, 2010). Source: (markets.ft.com) According to the reports of Financial Times, one of the leading business news reflects the highest revenue in comparison to the previous yearsperformance. The charts emulate the operating margin to be up with 31.30% (Markets.ft.com, 2016). Similarly, its net profit, as well as operating margin, reveal an upward trend. Therefore companys report, as well as reports provided by business news, provides substantial evidence that AAPL is performing to the best of its capacity, with efficient utilization of all its resources. The company is striving positively towards the achievement of its organizational goals through its outstanding performance. Remuneration policy of AAPL Source: (voopl.com.au) The Board of Directors of Australian Agricultural Projects Limited appointed remuneration committee is subject to determine and review the remuneration policies for the executives and directors. The Remuneration Committee if required acquires independent advice on pertinent remuneration packages on the basis of existent trends in similar companies and objectives of a centralized entity. The company pursues remuneration principles devised to attract and retain qualified and professional candidates striving towards the accomplishment of strategic objectives, thereby achieving a wider result of value creation for shareholders. The remuneration structure highlights are based on the following: The experience and proficiency of key managerial personnel, The key managerial personnel competency to regulate the related segments performance, Consolidation of entity performance includes consolidation of entity earning, aiming to deliver constant returns to shareholders wealth in addition to share price growth. Remuneration of the executives is outlined by of employment agreements. The executive directors are more likely to receive compensation based on performance but do not draw any retirement benefits except statutory superannuation. The managerial personnel bag benefits as car allowances and the company provide fringe tax benefit on these perks. However, there were no remuneration transactions based on performance during the financial year 2014.Agricultural Projects Limited are seeking to provide Long Term Incentives(LTI) to their key managerial personnel. These incentives are aimed to provide options over and above ordinary shares to hook management personnel within the entity by their position. Management Control Theory MCS refers to Management Control System which assimilates and utilizes information and date to evaluate the performance of organizations resources like physical, human, and financial. This control system directs the behavior of the resources of the organization towards implementation of organization strategies. It is an incorporated technique aiming for collection and utilization of information towards motivation of employee behavior and performance evaluation. The control system inculcates many accounting techniques striving to evaluate the performance of activity based costing, balance scorecard, budgeting, just in time(JIT), Kaizen(continuous improvement), target costing, total quality management(Cosenz and Noto, 2015). The necessity for planning and having a control over the system is essential because the organization has its objectives to fulfill, which should be distinctive. The managers of the the company should be ambivalent towards their personal goals, along with formulati on of the entire plan to accomplish organizational objectives. The increase in productivity has always been recognized as a vital source of income improvement and output growth of farm sector in Australia. Agricultural productivity and growth in Australia are estimated by utilizing ex-post and ex-ante methods. By utilization of results we initially illustrate the productivity patterns and growth overtime. After that comparison of the approximated capital services and labor inputs to disclose the difference prevalent between the two methods. The company holds the prominent technical team and has an advanced capacity to institute projects of new olive groves, administer existing groves and grow into other markets. With the company focusing to achieve and maintain good health of its orchard along with emphasizing on incurring the minimal cost to the producer without adversely affecting the quality of the product. The recent data provided by the company in its financial report discloses commendable performance especially when it comes to the logistics relating to handling a record harvest. Therefore confirming that the company is positioned well to achieve the stated objectives. The company is forecasting good health of its agriculture and assessing a rejuvenating program of pruning. Also, the company is not planning to make any compelling capital expenditure over the coming twelve months. The company is looking forward to focusing its attention entirely on strengthening its balance sheet on a short term basis thereby conso lidating profits from the harvest of current year. The company will ingeminate that the companys future performance will be bound with the yearly harvest. The company further expects its harvest on the total average basis to advance in the medium term. The company continues to remain accessible to investment in agriculture that would aggregate skill base and the current asset. Companys ongoing success and projects viability are primarily linked the total value of its harvest. The two managed investment scheme projects are likely to have an initial term up to 2025 following which management and lease agreements might be renegotiated further. Conclusion Consolidated entity performance is taken into account while formulating comprehensive compensation of key managerial personnel, since its incorporation. This has resulted in the level of compensation remaining unchanged despite the ups and downs in the compensation levels caused because of appointment and resignation of key managerial personnel.Australian Agricultural Projects Limited are seeking to provide Long Term Incentives(LTI) to their key managerial personnel. These incentives are aimed to provide options over and above ordinary shares to hook management personnel within the entity by their position. The long-term incentives are being considered to bolster the continuance of employment and to equip additional incentives to the receiver. Subjecting to consent by the shareholders in the general meeting, the directors may be solely issued options. The company has brought in a policy that restrains the directors and the employees of the consolidated entity accessing transactions that are operating or planning to achieve a ceiling to the economic risk or are devised or intending to curb exposure to company securities that are unvested. References Adams, M., Lin, C. and Zou, H. (2011). Chief Executive Officer Incentives, Monitoring, and Corporate Risk Management: Evidence From Insurance Use.Journal of Risk and Insurance, p.no-no. Alonso, A. and Northcote, J. (2010). The development of olive tourism in Western Australia: a case study of an emerging tourism industry.International Journal of Tourism Research, 12(6), pp.696-708. Cosenz, F., and Noto, L. (2015). Combining system dynamics modelling and management control systems to support strategic learning processes in SMEs: a Dynamic Performance Management approach.Journal of Management Control, 26(2-3), pp.225-248. Fischer, M., Prinz, J. and Lotz, K. (2010). Obligatory attention to action goals.Journal of Vision, 5(8), pp.119-119. Heaney, R., Tawani, V. and Goodwin, J. (2010). Australian CEO Remuneration*.Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy, 29(2), pp.109-127. Kumar, P. and Zattoni, A. (2015). Ownership Structure, Corporate Governance, and Firm Performance.Corporate Governance: An International Review, 23(6), pp.469-471. Markets.ft.com. (2016).Australian Agricultural Company Ltd, AAC:ASX financials - FT.com. [online] Available at: https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/financials?s=AAC:ASX [Accessed 6 Sep. 2016]. Markets.ft.com. (2016).Australian Agricultural Projects Ltd, AAP:ASX interactive chart - FT.com. [online] Available at: https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/charts?s=AAP:ASX [Accessed 6 Sep. 2016]. Mauboussin, M. and Rappaport, A. (2015). Transparent Corporate Objectives-A Win-Win for Investors and the Companies They Invest In.Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 27(2), pp.28-33. Moorthy, K., and Yacob, P. (2013). Green Accounting: Cost Measures.Open Journal of Accounting, 02(01), pp.4-7. Nixon, B. and Burns, J. (2012). Strategic management accounting.Management Accounting Research, 23(4), pp.225-228. Sidorov, I. (2014). Synergy Of Corporate Structures And Internal Management.Business Strategies, (1), p.2. Stein, J. (2015). Editorial.Performance Measurement and Metrics, 16(3). Voopl.com.au,. (2011).Victoria Olive Oil Project. [online] Available at: https://voopl.com.au/webdata/files/2015%20Financial%20Statements%20-%20Aust%20Agricultural%20Projects%20(signed)(1).pdf [Accessed 7 Sep. 2016]. Voopl.com.au. (2011).Victoria Olive Oil Project. [online] Available at: https://www.voopl.com.au/ [Accessed 6 Sep. 2016].

Review of Relevant Literature Essay Sample free essay sample

The undermentioned related literature and surveies are the pillars of our research. These pieces of information are indispensable to hold believable back uping thoughts to our research subject. The said paperss were taken from different beginnings and mentions for case stuffs from other colleges and universities. other printed paperss. and the cyberspace. The research workers besides gathered some information about other universities’ installations to heighten our survey – â€Å"PUP-COC Physical Facilities and Laboratories—A Perceptual Study† . Acquaintance with other colleges’ set of equipment will so be of great aid to the research workers. Besides. as the research workers have said in the Background of the Study. the PUP-College of Communication is considered as one of the largest communicating schools in the Philippines bearing the differentiation of being the first communicating school in the state to hold achieved Level III Accredited position as awarded by the Accrediting Agency for the Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines ( AACCUP ) in 2008. Because of the said accreditation. the research workers based the classs in our 2nd aim to the criterions of the AACCUP Accreditation. In the Area VIII of AACCUP which has the range of the Physical Plant and Facilities. it is stated that the Quality and Adequacy of the physical works and installations of a learning establishment determine to a big step the successful execution of its curricular plans. In a wide sense. physical works and installations include school site. campus. edifices and other physical substructures. equipment and services that complement institutional and plan effectivity. The AACCUP besides stated their criterion of a School Site. Campus. Buildings. Classrooms. Offices and Function Rooms. Assembly and Athletic Facilities. Medical and Dental Clinic. Student Center. Food Services/Canteen. Accreditation Center. Housing ( optional ) . Documents. Extra Information and Exhibits. While in the Area IX: Laboratories. it is stated that Labs are support systems in any academic plan. Broadly defined. they cover scientific discipline research labs. address research labs. presentation farms. stores. and other installations for practicum activities indispensable to the successful execution of the curricular plans of an establishment inclusive of their usage and maps. So from this. the research workers decided to categorise the installations and Labs of the College into Academic Related. Non-academic Related. Health and Sanitation Related. and Security Related Facilities. Foreign Surveies The Mass Communication Department of University of Sindh- Pakistan. harmonizing to their web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //usindh. edu. pk/academics/faculties/faculty-of-social-sciences/department-of-mass-communication/179-facilities ) . runs several research lab installations and this includes different equipment such as visible radiations. picture cameras. tripods. and mikes which are available to pupils enrolled in the said section. Intended for practical preparation. the section besides provided a News research lab. including computing machine lab which is unfastened to pupils enrolled in the section that contains a assortment of package applications like MS Office. Adobe PhotoShop. Illustrator. CorelDraw. In-Page. Photo Styler. Free Hand and Adobe premiere Pro. Meanwhile. in the Daffodil International University. based on their web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //diu. edu. bd/facilities/media-lab. hypertext markup language ) . they provide a Media Laboratory that has the undermentioned capablenesss for the Television plan manufacturers: sound and echo cogent evidence research lab. air-conditioned suites. DESA A ; spontaneous electricity. late imported assorted visible radiations of CANARA Company. experienced Lights Crew who is involved in bring forthing Television plans for a long clip. They besides have Video Editing units. to the full air-conditioned Ultra-Modern Matrix RT-X2 Real clip Multi-format Digital Editing Work Station. customized HP Workstation. SONYLMD 1420 Professional Video Monitor for picture prevue. a Conference Room which is environment-friendly. air conditioned. broad and is available for your VIP invitees. Directors. Artists and others. Alongside the Studio. you will be able to bask a large and nice auditorium wit h the following installations: ( 1 ) Modern technological installations are available. ( 2 ) Seating capacity for audience totaling 300. and ( 3 ) Shooting installation in presence of audience. On the other manus. the MISR International University. their Mass Communication section provides rather a few educational installations which include a Photography Laboratory. Multi-media Laboratory. Broadcast Studio. Post Production Studio. Audio Studio. Print Media and Design Laboratory. Audio Visual Hall. News Room. and a Video Room which is found on their web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. miuegypt. edu ) . In another university in the west side of the Earth. the University of Minnesota. the School of Journalism and Mass Communication has several installations such as the Murphy Hall that is a state-of-the-art installation for learning and research of news media. mass communicating and new media surveies. The first floor of Murphy Hall includes the cardinal office. adjunct module offices. Student Services Center. Minnesota Journalism Center. a 150-seat auditorium and the Murphy Hall conference centre. While the 2nd floor has the Multimedia schoolrooms. module offices. offices for pupil organisations and a peddling machine. The Research Division. module offices and graduate pupil offices are on the 3rd floor. The Silha Center for the Study of Media Ethics A ; Law. module offices are on the 4th floor. Murphy Hall besides includes: ( 4 ) multimedia schoolrooms. a 150-seat multimedia auditorium. the Digital Media Studios with capableness for picture redaction. digital and linear sound. and labs for imaging. artworks and communicating design. A important characteristic of Murphy Hall is the convergence of artworks. intelligence authorship and broadcast labs in a individual infinite. the Digital Media Studios ( DMS ) . The DMS characteristics: ( 1 ) 20-workstation learning country. ( 2 ) 16-workstation learning countries. Internet and networking connectivity. ceiling-mounted projectors for exposing computing machine or picture end product. a cart-mounted computing machine workstation for teacher usage. a broadcast production installation capable of working independently that besides integrates with the university’s telecasting and theatre installations in the Rarig Center. the Digital Information Resource Center ( DIRC ) /Sevareid Library which is a hi-tech information centre with multimedia resources needed for direction and research. The DIRC/Sevareid Library has ( 8 ) networked and interconnected Mac workstations. capable of booting either Windows or Mac OS—each with a DVD thrust and VCR with playback and recording capableness. and ( 2 ) teaming suites with digital redacting capableness. These are all sited in their web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //sjmc. umn. edu ) . Local SurveiesIn one of the province universities of the Philippines. the University of the Philippines-Diliman. the university has several installations in different sections. In the Communication Research Laboratory. the research lab serves as a locale for computing machine categories every bit good as a depository for communicating databases. They besides have Cine Adarna which has a 1. 000-seat capacity movie theatre that on a regular basis features popular and critically acclaimed films. The wireless studio is acoustically designed and has its ain multi-recording system. The telecasting studio comes with its ain production floor infinite. control room. dressing room and spinner’s booth. The Television studio has a complete set of audio-visual production equipment. including redacting installations for post-production applications. And in the section of Journalism. the Beltran Newsroom is a installation for the single preparation of Journalism pupils in newspaper layout. design. redacting. composing and processing. This electronic newsroom is equipped with high-velocity computing machines. an LCD projector. a big format pressman. and one scanner. The university besides provided a Media Center which has a Film Studio. The Film and Audio-visual Communication ( FAVC ) Department maintains movie and picture equipment. including a exposure research lab with darkroom installations. Equipment is available for Super 8mm. 16mm. VHS. Hi-8 picture production. and personal computing machines for life and digital station production. Besides. in one of the private universities here in the state. the San Sebastian College’s Mass Communication Laboratory contains ( 2 ) spacious suites which are connected by a viewing subdivision furnished with video playback system and a multi-track audio console that provide audio-visual addendums for the instructional and workshops necessities of the next schoolroom. Equipped with a large proctor. simple camera set-up. multimedia projector and DVD and VHS participants. the said schoolroom besides serves as a locale for little and intimate seminars and Television intelligence casting activities that are created for pupils enrolled in the section. They besides provided other inside informations in their web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //sscrmnl. edu. ph/facilities/mass-communication-laboratory/ ) for more information. However. in the Communication Arts Department of the University of the East. harmonizing to their web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. ue. ed u. ph/manila ) . they have maintained and updated their installations and set of equipment. For illustration their Speech Laboratory. they have to the full air-conditioned research lab that meets the demands of a modern and sophisticated speech-radio-TV studio. For broadcast medium. film and address pupils. they provide a wireless station booth that operates on a community broadcast graduated table. Besides available are an audio-video room for movie redaction categories. an editing room with an redacting machine. a recording room. and a linguistic communication research lab with 35 entering booths. each equipped with a participant recording equipment. a mouthpiece and a brace of headsets. Besides. their Caloocan Campus has a to the full equipped address research lab at the land floor of the Academic Building. They besides have an audiovisual centre that makes available to the whole community a assortment of equipment: movie. slide and overhead projectors ; DVD/VCD. VHS and Betamax participants ; tape recording equipments. sound systems. etc. . and the contents of the media library consisting of sound and videotapes. sound and picture cassettes. graphs. postings. transparences. filmstrips. slides and others. Likewise. the Mass Communication Department of the far Eastern University has different installations to assist pupils in their field of work and hands-on instruction as stated by one of their pupils in a web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. pinoyexchange. com/forums ) . They have this Television Studio which is a broadcast installation installed with incorporate professional visible radiations. sound. picture and console/control and communication/talk-back systems. The Television Studio is used by pupils who are enrolled in their Radio and Television Production and Radio-Television Announcing classs. Students who are enrolled in Radio and Television Principles and Practices besides use the installation to familiarise themselves with the set-up of a Television studio. The Television Studio has the undermentioned installations: ( 1 ) Production Room that is equipped with incorporate professional lighting system. semi-oval type background for Chroma. spot bay for picture and audio connections for mikes with latest SONY HD picture cameras. fog machine. MARTIN MAC250 ( intelligent visible radiation ) . and a traveling caput. ( 2 ) Control Room is equipped with state-of-the-art engineering such as Television Production Broadcast PIX for picture controls and blending ; theatre light TL-NOVA for illuming control and commixture ; Martin Freeky DMX accountant for particular lighting effects ; HDV RECORDER for high definition recording and LITEPUTTER DIMM ER PACK for electromotive force ordinances. ( 3 ) Post-production Room or the VTR/ Editing Room that is besides equipped with desktop computing machines installed with Adobe Premiere CS4 redacting suite which the pupils can utilize for their post-production work ( audio-video redaction ) . ( 4 ) Pre-production Room or the war room. this is where pupils can brainstorm. discuss and gestate for their shows. ( 5 ) Props/storage Room. now this is where pupils can build and piece their sets for the production and shop belongingss. ( 6 ) Male and Female Dressing Rooms with comfort suites. shortss and chest of drawerss. criterion mirror which serve as makeup and dress-up suites for the endowments. ( 7 ) Green Room is a locale for the endowments as they wait for their bend during taped or unrecorded shows. And in conclusion. ( 8 ) the Lobby is besides where invitees and visitants can remain. Besides. the FEU Mass Communication Department has a Radio Broadcast ( Technical Control ) Room equipped with professional wireless broadcast equipment. digital playback system with edit-on-the-fly system with which the phonograph record jockey can pre-arrange and re-arrange play list while on air. The installation besides has Wi-Fi transmittal engineering for listeners’ entree. The installation allows the pupils to heighten their accomplishments in phonograph record jockeying. intelligence coverage. wireless anchoring and hosting. It besides allows the pupils to bring forth unrecorded and recorded wireless plans. They besides have this Digital Audio Recording Room a installation that is equipped with professional mikes and earphones ( NEUMANN and AUDIO-TECHNICA ) to guarantee the quality of voice recording and dubbing. The chief control is PC-based/digital package ( ADOBE AUDITION ) patched to a professional sociable and online redundant recording equipment ( MACKIE MIXER and TASCAM MULTI CHANNEL RECORDER ) . The installation allows the pupils to enter wireless commercials. jangles. teasers. stingers. voice overs. public service proclamations and other collaterals ; and to nickname wireless play. The university besides provided an Audio-video Post-Production Room. This installation is equipped with PC-based/digital package ( MATROX ) for rendering and get the hanging audio-video presentations. movies. and other audio-video end products. Some of the Department’s set of Laboratory Equipment are: ( 4 ) Sony Casette-portable. ( 1 ) Motorola Communicator talk-back set. ( 4 ) DVD Player Pioneer Mo. 366. ( 2 ) DVD Recorder. ( 1 ) DVD Writer. ( 1 ) Pensonic DVD/MPEG4 Player. ( 2 ) Samsung DVD/VCR. ( 1 ) Document Camera TFV-400. ( 1 ) Sony Handy Cam. ( 1 ) Pioneer Amplifier. ( 1 ) Audio Mixer. ( 2 ) CTV 21. ( 1 ) Camera Recorder. ( 2 ) HP Laptops. ( 3 ) Satellite Laptops. ( 1 ) Toshiba Laptop. ( 1 ) Audio-technica Microphone. ( 3 ) Shure Microphone. ( 1 ) Multi-Tester. ( 1 ) Player. VCD. ( 3 ) OKI Printer. ( 3 ) Projector. LCD. ( 3 ) Wall Dalite Screen. ( 1 ) Sound Mixer 12 channels. ( 1 ) Sony Television Flat. ( 1 ) Sound System with ( 2 ) Speakers. ( 1 ) Tripod for Video Camera. ( 1 ) â€Å"3M†Overhead Projector. ( 1 ) Senrun Portable Sound System. ( 2 ) Light Mixer. ( 4 ) Redhead Spotlight. ( 1 ) DLP Projector TAXAN. ( 1 ) Tripod Samson with Dolly. and more. SynthesisThe research workers gathered four ( 4 ) Foreign and besides four ( 4 ) Local relevant surveies. The four foreign universities chosen by the research workers are the University of Sindh. MISR International University. Daffodil International University. and the University of Minnesota. Because the research workers believe that because these universities are some of the top-ranked universities. they have if non the best. one of the best set of equipment for Communication pupils. On the other manus. the research workers chose the University of the Philippines-Diliman. University of Perpetual aid. San Sebastian College. University of the East. and Far Eastern University for local related literatures because these are besides some of the top-listed universities and colleges in the state that can vie internationally for their installations and set of equipment in their Mass Communication Departments. The research workers besides believe that these installations and set of equipmen t can assist in the present and future demands of the pupils of the college and possibly assist the university see what needs to be developed and improved in the sections. Foreign LiteratureThis survey besides tries to discourse how the Facilities and Laboratories of the college affect the pupils. In line with this. the research workers delved into literatures that tackle the same subject. From the twenty-first Century School Fund—Improving Urban Public School Facilities. a Research on the Impact of School Facilities on Students and Teachers which is a sum-up of surveies published since 2000. the research workers found out that there has been a slow but steady addition of research on the impact of public school installations on educational accomplishment and community results and of the asperity of the research. This sum-up of surveies is portion of a larger literature reappraisal conducted by the twenty-first Century School Fund with support from the Charitable Trust of the Council on Educational Facility Planners International. The reappraisal is designed as an update to the 2002 reappraisal â€Å"Do School Facilities Affect Academic Outcomes? † by Mark Schneider. originally commissioned by the twenty-first Century School Fund’s Building Educational Success Together collaborative and so expanded by Dr. Schneider and published by the National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities. Recent research continues to indicate to a little but steadily positive relationship between the quality of a public school installation and a scope of academic and community outcomes. This survey reviews the literature on Facilities and Academic results. School constructing Systems. and School Facility Condition and Community factors. This new reappraisal. available in October 2009 includes an extended bibliography of research since 2002 and discusses the demand for future school installation research. On the other manus. the research workers besides found a survey conducted by Mark Schneider on November 2002 entitled â€Å"Do School Facilities Affect Academic Outcomes? —National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities† . This survey shows that the research they presented concludes that: School installations affect larning. Spatial constellations. noise. heat. cold. visible radiation. and air quality evidently bear on students’ and teachers’ ability to execute. Empirical surveies will go on. concentrating on fine-tuning the acceptable scopes of these variables for optimum academic results. But we already know what is needed: clean air. good visible radiation. and a quiet. comfy. and safe acquisition environment. This can be and by and large has been achieved within the bounds of bing cognition. engineering. and stuffs. It merely requires equal support and competent design. building. and care. Besides. Building age is an formless construct and should non itself be used as an index of a facility’s impact on pupil public presentation. Many schools built as civic memorials in the 1920s and 1930s still supply. with some modernisation. first-class larning environments ; many newer schools built in the cost-conscious sixtiess and 1970s do non. There is besides a definite consensus about the positive effects of little school size. and the effects seem to be the strongest with pupils from lower socioeconomic groups. This is an country. nevertheless. where policy shapers need the support of surveies that better set up the trade-offs between little schools and other community demands and resources. And the category size argument is unsolved. although few would reason against smaller categories. where possible. This is an educational issue that has a serious impact on school planning and design. since smaller categories require more schoolrooms or more schools. a fact that may look axiomatic but frequently is lost in the argument. There is small standardisation of facilities-related definitions. For illustration. the definition of little schools varies among surveies. and overall student-teacher ratios are frequently ( and wrongly ) taken as a placeholder for category size. The quality of facilities-related research ranges widely. Much of it is case-based and brinks on the anecdotal. and many literature reappraisals use simple counts of articles. or they present undocumented sum-ups of findings. More strict attacks to sum uping big organic structures of literature. such as metanalytic techniques. are few. and these surveies frequently lead to dissensions over the methods themselves. Better research offering more unequivocal findings is needed. Furthermore. the determinations about school installations. one time translated into brick-and-mortar. impact the day-to-day public presentation of the coevalss of instructors and pupils who use them. These determinations are based on tradition. available engineering. experience with â€Å"what plants. † and the altering demands of the times. Good installations research allows us to fruitfully screen through this mix and can assist bring forth long-run. positive effects on academic results. Local LiteratureMeanwhile. for the Local Literature. the research workers found a thesis from Felisa M. Dador ; The Library Facilities. Resources and Services of the Gregorio Araneta University Foundation. March 1996. The Problem and Background of this survey states that: the best schools have the best libraries. and the best libraries belong to the best schools. A good library speaks for its excellence in the undermentioned mode: the quality of its library services ; the quality and measure of the library instruction ; the usage of the Library by the module staff and pupils ; and the support given to it by the disposal in the planning. promoting and developing its library services as a whole. It is highly hard for the library to accomplish its maximal service. nevertheless skilled the Library staff and the module. unless the disposal understands to the full how the Library is related to the function that both module and Librarians play in developing the academic and research plans o f the establishment. The effectivity and efficiency of a library is determined by the figure of times it is put to good usage. No affair how to the full equipped and wholly administered a library possibly. if it is non used for the really ground that it exists. it is worthless. Its aggregations and services must be of high quality and carefully designed to conform to the mission and aims of the establishment. the demands of the round offerings and the wide-ranging researches or informational demands of module and pupils. In some progressive educational establishments today. the Library is regarded following to the Teachers as the most of import characteristic of the school. The author believes as she has ever believed that no school could go on to work on a high degree of criterion without a functional Library. It is the centre of larning in the entire school image. The library is organized as a service that enhances the teaching—learning procedure. Its ultimate end is to supply the â€Å"the right book for the right reader at the right clip. † It is besides organized non merely with the undertaking of run intoing the tremendous demands of modern instruction but besides in the belief that it gives chances for self-cultivation at all times. As the most of import rational resource in an academic community. the library must endeavor to run into the varied demands of its frequenters. from professors set abouting an thorough research to the novices carry throughing class assignments towards the widening Fieldss of cognition and the facet and the rapid progresss in engineering. The sum and quality of services demanded of Libraries and accordingly of Librarians are no longer limited to strictly directional or informational. or the mere imparting out of books from the counter. Demands have now shifted to more bibliographies and other information engineering. modern audio-visual equipment. projection assistance. video machines. microforms. photographic equipment and computing machine installations which become an indispensable portion of library operations. Harmonizing to Barkley. cognition is a requirement for the accomplishment of all intent and in a dynamic universe. knowing is a procedure of continual acquisition. unlearning and relearning. and non the acquisition of a inactive organic structure of cognition. With this tendency in the universe of larning. Libraries can anticipate the demands of services to turn at a much faster rate as the construct of go oning educational is grasped. and as the pattern of go oning educational spreads. However. another thesis was found by the research workers entitled â€Å"An Assessment of the Quality of Facilities and Services provided by the Philippine Sports Authority. Puerto Princesa City. Palawan. † Master in Public Administration. Palawan State University. Puerto Princesa City. February 2004 by Marlon N. Sendaydiego. The abstract of this thesis shows that this survey was undertaken to find the quality of port facilities/services provided by the Philippine Ports Authority ( PPA ) at the Puerto Princesa Port. Puerto Princesa City as assessed by its port users and siting public. It is besides looked into the quality of execution of the PPA’s concerns/projects on port methodicalness. cleanliness. security and safety. The appraisal of these two patronages groups—port users and siting public—were compared and analyzed. Problems encountered and recommended solutions by the port users and siting populace was besides solicited. including recommended extra installations and services for the Puerto Princesa City Port. The descriptive-survey method was utilized. Datas were gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire administered to a indiscriminately selected sample in April 2003. There were 248 port users and 373 siting public involved in the survey. The statistical step used were frequence. per centum. mean. standard divergence and the z-test. Here is besides the Summary of Findings to demo that among port users. the quality of port installations is really satisfactory while that of port services is satisfactory. In contrast. the siting public assessed the quality of both port installations and services as satisfactory. Both respondents gave satisfactory assessment evaluations to the execution of concerns/projects on port methodicalness. cleanliness. security and safety. Still. important differences were found between the two respondent groups in their assessment evaluations on the quality of port installations and services. every bit good as the execution of concerns/projects on port methodicalness. cleanliness. security and safety. Furthermore. there were some identified jobs and matching recommended solutions related to quality port installations. among these were: Absence of ATM booths ; Absence or deficient waiting shed for sympathizers ; deficient terminal infinite ; deficient hauling infinite ; and Lack of imbibing installations. Their suggested solutions are the proviso of such installations within the port premises. With regard to bringing of port services. both respondents’ jobs were largely on: High rate of porterage fee ; Discourtesy of porters ; impolite guards ; and Inadequate security services. Correspondingly. their recommended solutions are: Decrease or remotion of porterage fee ; Discharge or coverage of discourteous porters ; Replacement of impolite guards ; and Additional security guards. severally. Among the extra installations and services recommended by both groups are: Construction of sympathizers shed ; Installation of imbibing fountains in strategic topographic points in the larboard country ; Installation of an ATM booth ; and Extension of rider terminal edifice with proviso of imbibing fountains. Consistent with their expressed jobs. their recommended extra port services are: Extra security guards are posted at the issue gate ; Additional aid to port users ; free portage fee ; and Jeepney/transport/shuttle services. This survey concludes that Puerto Princesa City port users and siting public by and large assessed the quality of port installations services. every bit good as the execution of concerns/projects on port methodicalness. cleanliness. security and safety. as satisfactory: which is still below the coveted quality criterion. However. they differed in their quality evaluations in nine ( 9 ) out of 12 ( 12 ) port installations and six ( 6 ) out of eight ( 8 ) port services that were normally rated. The two group’s appraisal quality evaluations differed on the execution of PPA’s concerns/projects with regard to port security and port safety. but did non differ with regard to port methodicalness and port cleanliness. This survey besides recommended that the PPA’s Puerto Princesa City needs to take stairss to better. enhance and upgrade the quality of the execution of its concerns/projects specifically on port methodicalness. cleanliness. security and safety. every bit go od as the quality of its port installations and services in order to raise it from the current degree of satisfactory to the desired degree of at least really satisfactory. Similarly. specific facilities/services which were found to be really satisfactory should be maintained and enhanced to continuously run into the quality criterions set. It should besides see the identified jobs and recommended solutions. every bit good as extra port installations and services as demands or inputs in the readying of its operational and developmental programs. On the other manus. PPA’s higher direction should fast-track the blessing and release of financess on the recommended undertakings. such as Construction of Well-Wisher’s Building. Additional Passenger Terminal Building. and Park. etc. . for immediate execution in CY 2004. Last. this survey should be replicated in other PPA ports to enable the port direction to garner feedback from their primary clients on the quality of port installations and services and execution of concerns/projects in the peculiar countries. In making so. the PPA will be able to carry through its corporate duties. SynthesisThe research workers gathered two ( 2 ) Foreign and besides two ( 2 ) Local relevant literatures. The two Foreign Literatures that the research workers acquired trade with the general effects and specific effects of installations to the acquisition of the pupils in a peculiar college. On the other manus. the research workers chose this two other Local Literatures about certain installations in a public university and a province university that are related in this survey. The research workers believe that these surveies will assist them garner more thoughts about the survey that the research workers are covering with. These literatures assisted the research workers to acquire clasp of pieces of information that this survey covers. These gave the research workers thoughts that helped them do their instruments for the informations assemblage. decisions. and other parts of this thesis.